Since the second half of the 18th century a remarkable revival in the fields of science and of culture was observed in Poland. It was a result of the election of the new king, Stanisław August, in 1764 and a system of reforms that were systematically introduced by the new government. More Polish scholars traveled to Europe to study modern science, to visit famous observatories or cabinets and to order scientific instruments. The contacts of Polish scholars with Jessie Ramsden, Peter Dollond, William Herschel, Holmes are confirmed by the documents and letters preserved in the Archives of Vilnius University and Cracow University. These documents will be presented as a Polish contribution to the dissemination of science in Europe in the Enlightenment.