There is an increasing body of evidence demonstrating China actively interacted with Central Asia through various channels, especially the Silk Road, during the first millennium BCE. Such interaction played a crucial role in stimulating cultural innovations in both China and Central Asia. This paper intends to offer some observations on metallurgical interactions along the Silk Road during the first millennium BC, with a focus on the following issues: the early uses of metal cauldrons in Xinjiang – the spread of piece-moulds technology; the appearance of tinning technique in Gansu and Ningxia – the introduction of innovative metallurgical technology; the emergence of Chinese mirror tradition and its westward spread into Xinjiang and further west. It is argued that cultural interactions have never been operated in one direction and metallurgical interactions along the Silk Road during the first millennium BC have considerable impact on the transformation of material cultures in both China and Central Asia.