With his talk “Eugenics: its Definition, Scope, and Aims” in 1904, read before the Sociological Society in London the British polymath Francis Galton gave an introduction to his idea of Eugenics. The geneticist William Bateson and also the writer Herbert G. Wells were in the audience. (A) In the late 19th century, mostly influenced by the work of Charles Darwin, eugenic ideas grew and spread widely in scientific and popular literature in the Anglo-American countries and Germany. HG Wells developed in his book A modern Utopia (1905) his model of an eugenic state, in the tradition of Plato and Thomas Morus. More important was Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World in 1932 (revisited in 1958), who wrote down his ideas of controlling reproduction, social and personal life. At the same time geneticist Hermann J. Muller published his ideas of improving reproduction that became real with in-vitro-fertilisation in the 1970ies. (B) Popular literature on eugenics was pretty important to reach the public since the beginning of the 20th century. Examples are Science of Eugenics [..] (in English), first in 1904, and Die Frau als Hausaerztin (in German), since 1917. Both gave advice for reproduction and named eugenics as an aim. Those publications were mainly addressed to women. (C) In 1931 Human Heredity, the English translation of the German book of E. Baur, E. Fischer and F. Lenz Menschliche Erblichkeitslehre und Rassenhygiene was published. After World War II the first available handbook on human genetics was translated from English and written by Curt Stern. Conclusions: 1. Popular literature was important for spreading of eugenic ideas widely within population and countries. 2. There was transfer of knowledge by scientific and popular books. 3. No difference was in the meaning and the importance of eugenic measures in Anglo-American countries and in Germany.