iCHSTM 2013 Programme • Version 5.3.6, 27 July 2013 • ONLINE (includes late changes)
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The creation of resin tappers in Spain in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Juan Luis Delgado twitter | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain

The resin industry in Portugal and Spain is looking to profit the current situation of the international resin market, in which China has decreased the export of resin’s by-products (turpentine and rosin) to Europe so the prices have reached a level that make possible to consider the recovery of the industry in these countries. In Spain municipalities, regional governments, research centers, industrials, old resin tappers and, recently, the Ministry of Agriculture are working together. One of its goals is trainning young people to tap a pine tree. This communication is a part of my PhD thesis which focuses on tapping and processing of the natural resin in the Spanish pinewoods during the 19th and 20th centuries. In this sector technology has played a key role to industrialize this traditional activity in some areas of the Castillian plateau. However since the industrial demand of resin’s by-products during the first half of the 20th century was very powerful other pinewoods in other provinces (of the same pine specie: pinus pinaster) were exploited with this end. This enterprise needed a labor force with very specific skills that locals did not have. Hence, the people of these towns had to learn a new trade with the help and instructions of those who learned before in the northwestern region of the province of Segovia. In that province, the experience in tapping living pine trees was one of the eldest and the only one that survive through the times (in other regions was practiced during specific situations of necessity). Consequently, as the activity became industrialized since the beginning of the second half of 19th century and new tapping techniques were imposed by law (1865), on one hand the reaction of locals was fierce against the foresters who desperately forced them to learn and apply it, and, conversely, on the other hand foresters needed to negotiate with old tappers in order to keep them working with their own tapping technique. Otherwise fires would have been unrestrained and robbery of forest resources common. Nevertheless the information about the transfer of this kind of knowledge is neither precise nor substantial. In the available sources –official forests documents, demographical statistics, local newspapers and company records– the topic is nearly suggested. However, I consider the information could be enough to perform the story of the creation of resin tappers in Spain.