In the present study, the author classified three groups of zoologists who visited Japan before World War II to know their contribution for the establishment of Japanese zoology.

The first group was the zoologists who stayed in Japan to teach the knowledge and research method for Japanese students. They were American zoologists, such as E. S. Morse, C. O. Whitman and R. Goldschmidt. The second group was the zoologists whose main aims came to Japan are collection of animal specimen, zoological material s for researches. They were German zoologist, F. M. Hilgendorf, American ichthyologists, D. S. Jordan and B. Dean, herpetologist, L. H. Stejneger, and collectors of butterflies, Pryer, M. A. Fenton and A.Owston. The third group was the zoologists who did not come to Japan. However, they investigated, named, and classified Japanese zoological specimen. They were P. Bleaker, the Netherland, A. Gunther, United Kingdom, and F. Steindachner.

Among them, the author noticed the scientific activities and their impact of Japanese zoology done by L.H. Stejneger(1851-1943) and R. Goldschmidt(1878-1958). Stejneger was born in Norway. He has been interested in birds. After he graduated from Christiania University, he moved to the US. He worked at Smithsonian Museum in 1881. He belonged to the department of ornithology in 1884 and herpetology in 1899. He visited Japan in 1896. Then, he got acquainted with Japanese zoologists. He described 163 species in his book Herpetology of Japan and Adjacent Territory in 1907. Goldschmidt was famous for the idea of Hopeful Monster, a kind of biological evolution. He was born in Frankfurt. He came to Japan in 1914 to collect his biological materials　including a kind of moths. Later, this material contributed to the establishment of physiological genetics. From 1924 to 1926, he lectured at College of Agriculture, Tokyo Imperial University. He taught genetics for students. He returned to Germany and studied at Kaiser Wilhelm Biological Institution. In 1936, Goldschmidt defected to the US. and took the professor position at the University of California, Berkeley. His reprint collections and academic books were transferred to Japan. They were useful for the establishment of National Institute of Genetics in 1949.