An important part of the communist propaganda, after 1945, was the establishment of nationwide, easy accessible, entirely free of charge, healthcare system. In order to achieve this purpose, the communist party expanded the medical network by opening new hospitals, clinics, Multidisciplinary teams have been introduced into general practice. In order to rapidly increase the medical personnel needed in the system, new medical schools have been created. In terms of medical care provided to its population, communist Romania had very clear objectives, among which: reducing tuberculosis incidence, reducing child mortality, the eradication of infectious diseases such as polio or malaria. Special measures concerned maternal and child healthcare, in order to reduce both infant and obstetric mortality, as well as birth defects. Nevertheless, the main objectives, the essential priorities have all been set more by economic and political requirements than by purely medical consideration. The Romanian communist regime, especially in the 1980’, due to unprecedented budget cuts, did not succeeded in ensuring equitable access, the necessary supply and distribution of the primary workforce for the medical system. Corroborated with the demographic concerns of Nicolae Ceausescu’s regime, the Romanian communist healthcare system became just another piece in the dictatorial machinery. The instrumentalisation of the Romanian medical system had tragic consequences, such as higher rates of infant and child mortality than any other European country at that time, high rates of obstetrical mortality, an important number of illegal abortions and, as consequence, of maternal deaths.