As Japan was an isolation state in Edo era which was from 1600 to 1868, especially from 1639 to 1853, it was impossible to establish western-like modernization in this era. However, Japan uniquely, formed two-way ties with Netherlands through the Dejima trading house in Nagasaki. The house was built on the reclaimed island.　

Consequently, Japan had cultural interrelations between western countries through Dutch as an only window to the west in the late Edo era. Japan was able to receive the modern science, particularly in the fields of astronomy, chemistry and physical sciences, technology, and industry, which were brought to western countries after the Industrial Revolution.

On the other hand, it was difficult for Japan to receive those modern sciences because there were no stipulations on Weights and Measures of counterpart countries, especially between Japan and the Dutch.

This paper aims at revealing how Japan learned the new metric system of Weights and Measures from Dutch, and who introduced this system through books which were given from Dutch by ascertaining the Koan OGATA’s (1810-63) Introductory Notes in “Enseiikatameibutukou-hoi”by Sinsai UDAGAWA(1769-1834). OGATA was a scholar of Dutch learning called Rangakusha, and a doctor who studied the Netherlands medicine.