I will consider ethology, the science of animal behavior, as a science of emotion. Lorenz and Morris, both pioneers in and popularizers of the science in the 1960s, theorized that male aggression was the central instinctual force in constructing animal society, and that humans should become aware of the role of aggression in their own lives. I will argue that their science constructed emotion as basic and biological, as the link between animals and humans, and as a window into human instincts; the centrality of emotion in also helped them make ethology a value-laden critique of both a technoscience and a civilization grown too far out of touch with human nature.