The research done in the last decades on the on the works written by the well known philosophers of the Muslim Iberian Peninsula who flourished in the 12th century - Ibn Bājja, Ibn Rushd, Ibn Ṭufayl, Ibn Ṭumlýs and so forth- has shown, among other findings, that: 1) in the first decades of the 12th century, Ibn Bājja decided to practice science abiding strictly by Aristotle’s doctrines and method, as a result of al-Fārābī’s influence; 2) for this reason, he advocated empiricism and the harmonization of any scientific theory with Aristotle’s tenets; 3) this line of thinking was followed up by Ibn Rushd and others in the second half of 12th century; 4) Ibn Rushd and Ibn Ibn Ṭufayl were possibly the focus of a medical school of sorts where they tried to give a sound exposition of medicine according to Aristotelian categories and reviewed critically some of the doctrines of Galenism. The paper will, on the one hand, add further insights to our knowledge of the historical context that surrounds the circle of physicians led by Ibn Rushd; on the other, study the more relevant criticisms that these scholars raised against Galenism in connection with what their Levantine predecessors - namely al-Fārābī and Ibn Sīnā- said about these issues. To that purpose, works little studied such as Ibn Tumlus’ commentary of Ibn Sīnā’s didactical poem about medicine or Ibn Bājja’s commentaries of Galen’s treatises will be analyzed