iCHSTM 2013 Programme • Version 5.3.6, 27 July 2013 • ONLINE (includes late changes)
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Enduring methods from imperfect models: the Bohr Model and molecular physics
Jeremiah James | Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Germany

The Bohr Model became more than a pictorial representation and a handful of associated basic equations. It developed into one of the centerpieces of the network of mathematical models and practices defining the old quantum theory. It was the nexus around which physicists attempted to develop techniques for applying quantum theory to individual atoms and small groups of atoms. Results of these efforts were mixed, and the “failures” of the Bohr Model are central to almost every extant account of the development of quantum mechanics. Nevertheless, some of the strategies physicists developed in light of the Bohr Model turned out to be more resilient than the model itself and were reworked after 1926 for use with the new quantum mechanics. This appears to have been particularly important in the case of applying quantum theory to molecular structure, where methods leading to key results such as the Born-Oppenheimer approximation were clearly shaped by the capabilities and the limitations of the Bohr Model.