The institution of the standardized metrology is the symbol of the unified modern state regime and unimpeded government decrees. It was not until in 1959 that the New China came to reach the standardization of the institution of the state metrology. The institution legacy of the coexistence of various systems is the obstacle of the standardization of the institution of the state’s metrology as well as the institutional foundation on the fact that the new regime was left room for maneuver and dealt with the state affairs. Apart from this, the managing system featuring with “ each does things in his own way” is the systematic root of being unable to reach the standardization of the institution of the state’s metrology. In 1959, the state realized the unity of the institution of metrology and its laws and regulations in terms of the whole state. However, influenced by some customs and traditions and other factors, there is still a long way to go for the implementation of the institution of metrology, the standardization of the institution of metrology in the year of 1959 offers us a vivid embodiment to understand the origin of various systems of the New China.